http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallura
Monday, November 30, 2009
Sunday, November 22, 2009
Blog #10: complete draft
The following is what I consider to be my complete draft.
Gallura (Wikipedia research)
Gallura is a region situated in northern of Sardinia (pronounced /sɑrˈdɪnɪə/; Italian: Sardegna, IPA /sarˈdeɲɲa/; Sardinian: Sardigna or Sardinnia), Italy. With its 24,090 square kilometres (9,301 sq mi), Sardinia represents the second biggest island of the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily). Sardinia is part of Italy, with a special statute of regional autonomy under the Italian Constitution.
The name Gallùra (pronunced Gaddùra in Gallurese, the official dialect) means area located on high ground.
http://www.lamiasardegna.altervista.org/index.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia
Geography
Gallùra has a surface of 1,370 square miles and it is situated between 40°55'20"64 latitude north and 09°29'11"76 east longitude. It is 187 kilometers far from the Italian peninsula and 11 kilometers far from the French Island of Corsica.
The coast of Gallura is very jagged and continues along in a continuous series of small fiords, rock-cliffs and little islands that form the Archipelago of La Maddalena, a natural bridge towards nearby Corsica.
The landscape is characterised by granite rocks and harsh mountains that, even if not particularly high ,have constituted for millennia a barrier between this region and the nearby territories of Baronie and Montalbo. Monte Limbara is the highest mountain (1,362 m/4,469 ft). It represents the boundary between Gallura and the near-by region called Logudoro. Its highest peak is Punta Balestrieri (1362 m above the sea level). In the past, Monte Limbara used to be the location of an important NATO long rage radars base and a Carabinieri’s barrack. Today it is used as a telecommunications center for the Italian Air Force and a heliport for the Servizio Antincendi. It is also the location of all the major TV relay stations of West Sardinia. Another small mountain is Monte Cruzitta (666 m). Even if it is not very high, it offers a very characteristic landscape.
The climate is typical of the Mediterranean. The weather is clear. During the year approximately 300 days are sunny and the few others are rainy, with a major concentration of rainfall in the winter and autumn, some heavy showers in the spring, and snowfalls on the highest massifs and highlands. The mistral is the dominant wind, fresh, strong, and usually dry and cold, blowing from the northwest throughout the year, but most frequently in winter and spring.
http://www.sardegnaturismo.it/territori/gallura.html
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardegna
History
Prehistory
The first human settlements in Gallura date back to 700.000 years ago, when the first populations crossed the strait between Tuscany and Sardinia. This historic period is known as the Stone Age.
Foreign populations decided to invade Gallura due to its numerous natural resources. Many people from the near by French island of Corsica came as well to Gallura during this historic period.
Roman Age
Romans conquered Gallura in 238 B.C. and founded the city of Olbia, which represented the most important seaport in Sardinia.
The historic period that goes from 1700 B.C. to the Roman Age is also know in Sardinia as the epoca nuragica. The particular name of this historic period takes after the Nuraghi, the biggest megalithic edifices ever found in Europe, which still today represent a symbol for Sardinia.
The Giudicato of Gallura
During the Middle Age, Gallura represented one of the four Giudicati of Sardinia. These Giudicati consist of four independent kingdoms in which Sardinia was divided at that time.
Civita (which today is known as Olbia) represented the capital of the Giudicato of Gallura and also the bishop’s see.
The Giudicato of Gallura included the today’s area of Gallura, the area surrounding the city of Nuoro, and the area called Baronie.
End of Middle Age, Sixteenth Century, and Eighteenth Century
At the end of Middle Age, the city of Civita (today’s Olbia) takes the name of Terranova.
Pirates from Arabia invaded the coasts of Gallura and people moved consequently from there to the hinterland. The city of Tempio became especially populated.
Between 1500 and 1700 there was a big emigration of people from the near by French island of Corsica to Gallura. People from Corsica deeply influenced the language and the culture of Gallura, which still today is considered quiet different from the culture and the dialects of the rest of Sardinia.
Nineteenth Century
During the nineteen century the bishop’s see was transferred from the city of Olbia to the city of Tempio, which also became a district’s capital.
Twentieth Century and Today
By the end of 1800 people started to move from the hinterland to the coasts. Eventually, tourism increased this tendency even more, especially in the areas of Costa Smeralda, Santa Teresa di Gallura, and San Teodoro.
Today, Gallura represents the highest head income of the entire Sardinia.
http://www.lamiasardegna.altervista.org/Storia%20Gallura%20e%20Costa%20Smeralda.htm
Demographics
Gallura has a population of 143,921 people. The population density has remarkably increased in small centers along the eastern coast and in the cities of Arzachena and Olbia. The population density of 12 municipalities out of 26 has however decreased (-4%) in centers located in the country -side and on the mountains. This tendency depends on the increase of the seaside tourism.
In general, Sardinia represents the Italian region with the lowest fertility rate (1.087 births per woman), and the region with the second lowest birth rate. These factors result positive towards the preservation of the natural environment.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia
http://www.demos.ss.it/osservatorio/doc/AnalisiDemografica.pdf
Main Towns
Olbia
Olbia is a town of approximately 45.000 inhabitants. It represents the city with the highest population density of the entire Gallura. In 2005 it became an administrative capital together with Tempio-Pausania. They form the province called Olbia-Tempio.
Founded in 350 B.C., it used to be one of the most important trade areas of the Mediterranean Sea.
Today, it represents the economic center of Sardinia due to its airport, its seaport and also to its closeness to the famous Costa Smeralda tourist area.
Tempio Pausania
Tempio Pausania is a town of 13.800 inhabitants. Together with Olbia, it is the administrative capital of the province Olbia-Tempio.
Founded around 250 B.C., Tempio Pausania is located 560m above the sea level. It represents both the geographical and the cultural capital of Gallura. Every year, thousands of tourists come to visit Tempio Pausania to assist to the characteristic carnevale (carnival), which takes place at the end of February.
Arzachena
Arzachena is a town of 12,080 inhabitants.
It represents the administrative capital of the “Costa Smeralda” tourist area. Founded in 1961 by the prince Karim Aga Khan, Costa Smeralda represents the most exclusive tourist area of Gallura.
Arzachena is also famous for its archeology. Its archeological sites include the LiMuri Tomba dei Giganti (Giants’ Grave).
La Maddalena
La Maddalena is part of an archipelago called Arcipelago della Maddalena. It is situated in the Straits of Bonifacio, which divide Sardinia from Corsica. La Maddalena represents the largest town of this archipelago, which includes the islands of Caprera, S. Stefano, Spargi, Budelli, S. Maria and Razzoli. La Maddalena represents an important tourist site in Gallura and the island of Caprera is famous for being the residence of the Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi.
http://www.galluraintasca.it/paesi-di-gallura/arzachena.html
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardegna
Economy
The economy of Gallura is based mostly on tourism and hospitality due to the presence of Costa Smeralda and other world-famous sea sites.
The primary sector is not as important as in the rest of Sardinia. It is based mostly on wine production. Also sheep breeding, dairy production, and poultry farm are relevant.
The secondary sector is quite important. It is mostly based on cork work and mineral processing of granite. In fact, it is easy to find cork oaks in many parts of the region and the whole area is rich in granite, especially in vicinity of Monte Limbara.
http://www.gallurasviluppo.it/GS/pattoterritorio.htm
http://www.vacanzeitinerari.it/schede/artigianato_in_gallura_sc_247.htm
Transportation
Gallura has one international airport (Olbia-Costa Smeralda Airport), which is situated in the city of Olbia. It represents one of the three international airports of Sardinia and the base of the Sardinian airline Meridiana, Italy’s third largest airline.
Another way to reach the region of Gallura is by ferry. The ferry companies operating on the Island are Tirrenia di Navigazione, Moby Lines, Corsica Ferry, Grandi Navi Veloci, Snav, SNCM, and CMN. They link the harbors of Olbia, Golfo Aranci, Santa Teresa di Gallura and Palau to the harbors of the Italian peninsula, France, Corsica, and Spain.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia
Culture
Language
Italian is the official language of Sardinia. However, different dialects characterize different areas of the island. This dissimilarity is due to the various influences that immigrant populations from all over the world have brought along with them throughout history .
In Gallura, the main dialects are called Logudorese and Gallurese.
Logudorese was influenced by the dialects of the Italian regions of Tuscany and Liguria.
Gallurese is not officially considered a Sardinian dialect since it is quite different from the most part of the other Sardinian dialects. It was influenced by the dialect spoken in the near-by French island of Corsica and by the one spoken in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Luras, a small town in the province of Olbia-Tempio, is the only area in Gallura in where Gallurese is not spoken.
http://www.infosardinia.it/linguasarda.htm
Environment
With 1,213,250 hectares of woods, Sardinia represents the Italian region with the largest forest extension. Regional landscape plans regulate bulding activities along the coasts, the forests, and other natural sites.
National Parks
Sardinia has ten regional parks and three national parks. One out of these three national parks is located in Gallura and it is the Archipelago of La Maddalena’s National Park. This park is a world-famous tourist area due to the beauty of its beaches and to the one of its landscape, where granite rocks alternate with green areas. Today, the Archipelago of La Maddalena’s National Park represents the headquarters of the US navy in Italy.
http://www.sardegnaambiente.it/j/v/152?s=7056&v=2&c=1558&t=1
Renewable Energies
Renewable energies have increased impressively during the recent years in Sardinia. Due to the windy climate, the most important renewable energy in Gallura is the wind power. During the past years however, the installation of wind power systems has been the subject of controversial debates due to its landscape impact.
http://www.caica.sardegna.it/TAM/se05.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia
Gallura (Wikipedia research)
Gallura is a region situated in northern of Sardinia (pronounced /sɑrˈdɪnɪə/; Italian: Sardegna, IPA /sarˈdeɲɲa/; Sardinian: Sardigna or Sardinnia), Italy. With its 24,090 square kilometres (9,301 sq mi), Sardinia represents the second biggest island of the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily). Sardinia is part of Italy, with a special statute of regional autonomy under the Italian Constitution.
The name Gallùra (pronunced Gaddùra in Gallurese, the official dialect) means area located on high ground.
http://www.lamiasardegna.altervista.org/index.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia
Geography
Gallùra has a surface of 1,370 square miles and it is situated between 40°55'20"64 latitude north and 09°29'11"76 east longitude. It is 187 kilometers far from the Italian peninsula and 11 kilometers far from the French Island of Corsica.
The coast of Gallura is very jagged and continues along in a continuous series of small fiords, rock-cliffs and little islands that form the Archipelago of La Maddalena, a natural bridge towards nearby Corsica.
The landscape is characterised by granite rocks and harsh mountains that, even if not particularly high ,have constituted for millennia a barrier between this region and the nearby territories of Baronie and Montalbo. Monte Limbara is the highest mountain (1,362 m/4,469 ft). It represents the boundary between Gallura and the near-by region called Logudoro. Its highest peak is Punta Balestrieri (1362 m above the sea level). In the past, Monte Limbara used to be the location of an important NATO long rage radars base and a Carabinieri’s barrack. Today it is used as a telecommunications center for the Italian Air Force and a heliport for the Servizio Antincendi. It is also the location of all the major TV relay stations of West Sardinia. Another small mountain is Monte Cruzitta (666 m). Even if it is not very high, it offers a very characteristic landscape.
The climate is typical of the Mediterranean. The weather is clear. During the year approximately 300 days are sunny and the few others are rainy, with a major concentration of rainfall in the winter and autumn, some heavy showers in the spring, and snowfalls on the highest massifs and highlands. The mistral is the dominant wind, fresh, strong, and usually dry and cold, blowing from the northwest throughout the year, but most frequently in winter and spring.
http://www.sardegnaturismo.it/territori/gallura.html
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardegna
History
Prehistory
The first human settlements in Gallura date back to 700.000 years ago, when the first populations crossed the strait between Tuscany and Sardinia. This historic period is known as the Stone Age.
Foreign populations decided to invade Gallura due to its numerous natural resources. Many people from the near by French island of Corsica came as well to Gallura during this historic period.
Roman Age
Romans conquered Gallura in 238 B.C. and founded the city of Olbia, which represented the most important seaport in Sardinia.
The historic period that goes from 1700 B.C. to the Roman Age is also know in Sardinia as the epoca nuragica. The particular name of this historic period takes after the Nuraghi, the biggest megalithic edifices ever found in Europe, which still today represent a symbol for Sardinia.
The Giudicato of Gallura
During the Middle Age, Gallura represented one of the four Giudicati of Sardinia. These Giudicati consist of four independent kingdoms in which Sardinia was divided at that time.
Civita (which today is known as Olbia) represented the capital of the Giudicato of Gallura and also the bishop’s see.
The Giudicato of Gallura included the today’s area of Gallura, the area surrounding the city of Nuoro, and the area called Baronie.
End of Middle Age, Sixteenth Century, and Eighteenth Century
At the end of Middle Age, the city of Civita (today’s Olbia) takes the name of Terranova.
Pirates from Arabia invaded the coasts of Gallura and people moved consequently from there to the hinterland. The city of Tempio became especially populated.
Between 1500 and 1700 there was a big emigration of people from the near by French island of Corsica to Gallura. People from Corsica deeply influenced the language and the culture of Gallura, which still today is considered quiet different from the culture and the dialects of the rest of Sardinia.
Nineteenth Century
During the nineteen century the bishop’s see was transferred from the city of Olbia to the city of Tempio, which also became a district’s capital.
Twentieth Century and Today
By the end of 1800 people started to move from the hinterland to the coasts. Eventually, tourism increased this tendency even more, especially in the areas of Costa Smeralda, Santa Teresa di Gallura, and San Teodoro.
Today, Gallura represents the highest head income of the entire Sardinia.
http://www.lamiasardegna.altervista.org/Storia%20Gallura%20e%20Costa%20Smeralda.htm
Demographics
Gallura has a population of 143,921 people. The population density has remarkably increased in small centers along the eastern coast and in the cities of Arzachena and Olbia. The population density of 12 municipalities out of 26 has however decreased (-4%) in centers located in the country -side and on the mountains. This tendency depends on the increase of the seaside tourism.
In general, Sardinia represents the Italian region with the lowest fertility rate (1.087 births per woman), and the region with the second lowest birth rate. These factors result positive towards the preservation of the natural environment.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia
http://www.demos.ss.it/osservatorio/doc/AnalisiDemografica.pdf
Main Towns
Olbia
Olbia is a town of approximately 45.000 inhabitants. It represents the city with the highest population density of the entire Gallura. In 2005 it became an administrative capital together with Tempio-Pausania. They form the province called Olbia-Tempio.
Founded in 350 B.C., it used to be one of the most important trade areas of the Mediterranean Sea.
Today, it represents the economic center of Sardinia due to its airport, its seaport and also to its closeness to the famous Costa Smeralda tourist area.
Tempio Pausania
Tempio Pausania is a town of 13.800 inhabitants. Together with Olbia, it is the administrative capital of the province Olbia-Tempio.
Founded around 250 B.C., Tempio Pausania is located 560m above the sea level. It represents both the geographical and the cultural capital of Gallura. Every year, thousands of tourists come to visit Tempio Pausania to assist to the characteristic carnevale (carnival), which takes place at the end of February.
Arzachena
Arzachena is a town of 12,080 inhabitants.
It represents the administrative capital of the “Costa Smeralda” tourist area. Founded in 1961 by the prince Karim Aga Khan, Costa Smeralda represents the most exclusive tourist area of Gallura.
Arzachena is also famous for its archeology. Its archeological sites include the LiMuri Tomba dei Giganti (Giants’ Grave).
La Maddalena
La Maddalena is part of an archipelago called Arcipelago della Maddalena. It is situated in the Straits of Bonifacio, which divide Sardinia from Corsica. La Maddalena represents the largest town of this archipelago, which includes the islands of Caprera, S. Stefano, Spargi, Budelli, S. Maria and Razzoli. La Maddalena represents an important tourist site in Gallura and the island of Caprera is famous for being the residence of the Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi.
http://www.galluraintasca.it/paesi-di-gallura/arzachena.html
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardegna
Economy
The economy of Gallura is based mostly on tourism and hospitality due to the presence of Costa Smeralda and other world-famous sea sites.
The primary sector is not as important as in the rest of Sardinia. It is based mostly on wine production. Also sheep breeding, dairy production, and poultry farm are relevant.
The secondary sector is quite important. It is mostly based on cork work and mineral processing of granite. In fact, it is easy to find cork oaks in many parts of the region and the whole area is rich in granite, especially in vicinity of Monte Limbara.
http://www.gallurasviluppo.it/GS/pattoterritorio.htm
http://www.vacanzeitinerari.it/schede/artigianato_in_gallura_sc_247.htm
Transportation
Gallura has one international airport (Olbia-Costa Smeralda Airport), which is situated in the city of Olbia. It represents one of the three international airports of Sardinia and the base of the Sardinian airline Meridiana, Italy’s third largest airline.
Another way to reach the region of Gallura is by ferry. The ferry companies operating on the Island are Tirrenia di Navigazione, Moby Lines, Corsica Ferry, Grandi Navi Veloci, Snav, SNCM, and CMN. They link the harbors of Olbia, Golfo Aranci, Santa Teresa di Gallura and Palau to the harbors of the Italian peninsula, France, Corsica, and Spain.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia
Culture
Language
Italian is the official language of Sardinia. However, different dialects characterize different areas of the island. This dissimilarity is due to the various influences that immigrant populations from all over the world have brought along with them throughout history .
In Gallura, the main dialects are called Logudorese and Gallurese.
Logudorese was influenced by the dialects of the Italian regions of Tuscany and Liguria.
Gallurese is not officially considered a Sardinian dialect since it is quite different from the most part of the other Sardinian dialects. It was influenced by the dialect spoken in the near-by French island of Corsica and by the one spoken in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Luras, a small town in the province of Olbia-Tempio, is the only area in Gallura in where Gallurese is not spoken.
http://www.infosardinia.it/linguasarda.htm
Environment
With 1,213,250 hectares of woods, Sardinia represents the Italian region with the largest forest extension. Regional landscape plans regulate bulding activities along the coasts, the forests, and other natural sites.
National Parks
Sardinia has ten regional parks and three national parks. One out of these three national parks is located in Gallura and it is the Archipelago of La Maddalena’s National Park. This park is a world-famous tourist area due to the beauty of its beaches and to the one of its landscape, where granite rocks alternate with green areas. Today, the Archipelago of La Maddalena’s National Park represents the headquarters of the US navy in Italy.
http://www.sardegnaambiente.it/j/v/152?s=7056&v=2&c=1558&t=1
Renewable Energies
Renewable energies have increased impressively during the recent years in Sardinia. Due to the windy climate, the most important renewable energy in Gallura is the wind power. During the past years however, the installation of wind power systems has been the subject of controversial debates due to its landscape impact.
http://www.caica.sardegna.it/TAM/se05.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia
Monday, November 16, 2009
Blog #9 Reading Responses 101.103 LIVING THE MATRIX
The following are the blogs I visited today...I have to say that most of the students are a little behind with their projects... in some cases, they do not even picked a topic yet!!
Giving them suggestions, I realized that my techniques for my own project worked!! I picked a topic right away, I decided to write about something I like and about what I was able to find a decent amount of information. I divided my project into specific sections and I wrote down my sources right away, which saved me a lot of time!! And most important, I kept myself on schedule... Since this method worked for me, I suggested everyone to follow it!
Kimberly Ferguson (http://lagccblog.blogspot.com/)
Jasmine Smith (http://jasmine88-jasmine.blogspot.com/)
Jonathan Wong (http://jwongblogs.blogspot.com/)
Blog #8
Reading the comments about my blog, I can tell that all I need to do is:
1. Add the sections I am still missing. However, I completed this morning the section about Culture and Environment, so what I still need to add by next Monday is the History section, which is one of the most important (and one of the longest and most complicated =( )
2. Cite all my sources
What I am planning to do during these 2 hrs or so is complete blog #9 and then, if I still have time, I would like to start citing my sources and begin the History section.
It's 3.10 PM and I just finished publishing my comments on the students' blogs.
So what I am planning to do for the rest of the week is:
1. write the history section
2. cite all my sources
Then I believe I'll be done with my project and I will just wait for eventual suggestions!!
The Ga-Ga Years (Joseph Nocera)
The Ga-Ga years tells about the history of a company called Fidelty and how the going up and going down of the Dow Jones from 1960 to 1987 affected its status in the world of economy.
Before starting to write this article, Nocera had to collect a big amount of information regarding the subject. Meaning, he had to get proof of what really happened during those years and that meant not only searching for articles but also interviewing people who directly worked for Fidelty.
Another thing that I am sure about is the fact that Nocera had to be very interested in the topic he was writing about. In fact, it is not easy to write about economy unless one is an economist or he/she likes the subject very much. Moreover, the author showed to be very competent since he used specific words which belong to the world of economy.
Even if he uses technical terms, Nocera generally writes in a colloquial way. He starts the article talking about personal experience that happened in 1987. Then, he continues talking about the history of Fidelty, starting from the 1960s. The article is divided in paragraphs that follow a chronological order, exception made for the first paragraph. The article finishes as it began, with Nocera writing about what he experienced on January 28, 1987 on Fifty-first and Park Avenue in New York City.
I cannot truly say that I liked this article. On one hand, I have to say that it was well-written, that the information were very specific and that I imagine it was not easy to put everything together. However, as I previously wrote, one has to like economy a lot in order to fully enjoy this article.
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